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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Review Article
A comprehensive review on nanosponges
Chandra Sekhara Rao G,Uktha Avinash K, Vinay Varma G, Rama Devi K
Year : 2026 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 106-114
Received on: 28/05/2026
Revised on: 17/06/2026
Accepted on: 20/07/2026
Published on: 01/09/2026
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Chandra Sekhara Rao G,Uktha Avinash K, Vinay Varma G, Rama Devi K( 2026).
A comprehensive review on nanosponges
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 11( 5), 106-114.
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Abstract
Nanosponges are an innovative class of advanced drug delivery systems showing versatile benefits. Distinguished by high surface area, tunable polarity and nanometer-sized cavities, nanosponges facilitate sustained and targeted drug delivery while minimizing toxicity. They also enable drug administration by multiple routes, such as oral, topical, parenteral and inhalation. Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges, in particular, demonstrate significant advantage for drugs with poor solubility, yielding improved therapeutic outcomes. Applications of nanosponges in cancer therapy, autoimmune treatment, antimicrobials, enzyme stabilization and protein delivery frequently surpass traditional drug delivery systems. Various synthesis techniques, including solvent evaporation and ultrasound-assisted methods and characterization methods are presented in this review article. The stability and performance of the nanosponges can be improved by proper choice of the polymer and crosslinker during the preparation. Drug molecules with molecular weight ranging from 100-400 Daltons with less than five condensed rings are capable of easy entrapment in the cavities of nanosponges. Ongoing research and technological advances continue to establish nanosponges as a transformative solution in precision medicine and novel drug delivery systems.
Keywords
Nanosponges, Cyclodextrins, Applications, Preparation methods, Factors, Characterization.
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© The Author(s) 2026. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
