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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Development of a rapid bioassay for the evaluation of the nematicidal efficacy of aqueous plant extracts against phytoparasitic nematodes in Daloa, Cote d'ivoire
KOFFI N'dodo Boni Clovis, KONAN Kouadio Franck, OUATTARA Tieba Victor, YAH N’guettia Marie, YAO Jacques Edouard
Year : 2026 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 196-202
Received on: 27/05/2026
Revised on: 24/06/2026
Accepted on: 28/07/2026
Published on: 30/09/2026
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KOFFI N'dodo Boni Clovis, KONAN Kouadio Franck, OUATTARA Tieba Victor, YAH N’guettia Marie, YAO Jacques Edouard( 2026).
Development of a rapid bioassay for the evaluation of the nematicidal efficacy of aqueous plant extracts against phytoparasitic nematodes in Daloa, Cote d'ivoire
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 11( 5), 196-202.
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Abstract
Phytoparasitic nematodes cause severe yield losses in vegetable crops across sub-Saharan Africa. Conventional bioassay methods for evaluating plant-based nematicides are time-consuming and resource-intensive, limiting their use in low-capacity research settings. This study developed a rapid, reproducible, low-cost laboratory bioassay and evaluated the nematicidal efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts from three plant species Chromolaena odorata, Tithonia diversifolia, and Nicotiana tabacum against naturally occurring phytoparasitic nematodes. Rhizospheric soil was collected from a severely infested pepper (Capsicum annuum) field (100% disease incidence; gall index 5) at the University Jean Lorougnon Guédé experimental site. Aqueous extracts (10 g dry powder L?¹) were applied individually and in combination to 100 g sieved soil aliquots in Petri dishes, alongside a distilled water negative control and an oxamyl positive control. Nematodes were extracted using a modified Baermann funnel technique after 48 h incubation at 28 ± 2°C and enumerated by Malassez chamber microscopy. Initial nematode density was approximately 400 nematodes cm?³. All botanical treatments significantly reduced populations relative to the control (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Reduction rates reached 62.5% (C. odorata), 66.7% (T. diversifolia), 83.5% (N. tabacum), and 93.3% for the combined extract statistically equivalent to oxamyl (96.7%, p > 0.05). These results demonstrate that the three plant species possess significant nematicidal potential, and that their combination achieves near-equivalent efficacy to synthetic nematicides. The proposed bioassay constitutes an accessible and efficient screening tool for botanical nematicide candidates in tropical research contexts.
Keywords
Bionematicide, Capsicum annuum, Meloidogyne spp Test, Bioassay, ANOVA.
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© The Author(s) 2026. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
