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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, TLC and LC-MS/MS Characterization of Ocimum gratissimum L.
Naguvanahalli Somashekar Bhavana, Ballapatna Raju Swathi, Sharayu shyam Deshmukh, Raju Umrao Gadpayle, Virendra Sangode
Year : 2026 | Pages: 50-65
Received on: 19/07/2026
Revised on: 23/08/2026
Accepted on: 13/09/2026
Published on: 31/10/2026
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Naguvanahalli Somashekar Bhavana, Ballapatna Raju Swathi, Sharayu shyam Deshmukh, Raju Umrao Gadpayle, Virendra Sangode ( 2026).
Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, TLC and LC-MS/MS Characterization of Ocimum gratissimum L.
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 11( 5), 50-65.
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Abstract
Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) is an important medicinal plant widely recognized for its diverse therapeutic properties and rich phytochemical composition. The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and chemical profile of O. gratissimum leaf extracts. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the aqueous and methanolic extracts revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, and cardiac glycosides. With an IC50 value of 1.940 µg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the methanolic leaf extract showed significant antioxidant activity and the highest total phenolic content (336.00 mg GAE/g dry extract). Alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids were validated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and 39 structurally varied bioactive metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, quinones, glycosides, and antimicrobial chemicals, were identified by LC–MS/MS profiling. On the whole, the results show that O. gratissimum, is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals with strong antioxidant activity, supporting its traditional medicinal use and emphasizing its potential for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical explorations and applications.
Keywords
Ocimum gratissimum, Lamiaceae, Phytochemical screening, Antioxidant activity, TLC.
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© The Author(s) 2026. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
