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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Iodynamic preparations BD500 and BD501: A meta-analysis of bacterial communities supporting soil and crop productivity
T. Tamilvani and Velu Rajesh Kannan
Year : 2026 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 115-123
Received on: 07/05/2026
Revised on: 29/05/2026
Accepted on: 16/07/2026
Published on: 01/09/2026
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T. Tamilvani and Velu Rajesh Kannan ( 2026).
Iodynamic preparations BD500 and BD501: A meta-analysis of bacterial communities supporting soil and crop productivity
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 11( 5), 115-123.
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Abstract
Biodynamic preparations, including BD500 and BD501, are widely used in sustainable agriculture to enhance soil fertility, microbial diversity, and crop productivity. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive physicochemical and metagenomic analysis of BD500 and BD501 to elucidate the bacterial communities associated with these preparations. Physicochemical characterization revealed that BD500, derived from cow dung, is rich in organic carbon and essential nutrients, whereas BD501, a silica-based preparation, exhibits a more alkaline environment with lower nutrient content. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was performed to assess microbial diversity, community structure, and taxonomic composition. Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) clustering, alpha and beta diversity analyses, and rank-abundance and rarefaction curves confirmed sufficient sequencing depth and highlighted differences in microbial richness, evenness, and community organization between the two preparations. Taxonomic profiling revealed the presence of bacterial taxa involved in nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and soil health maintenance, with BD500 supporting a more diverse community and BD501 harboring specialized taxa likely contributing to plant physiological stimulation. Overall, the results demonstrate that BD500 and BD501 possess complementary roles in biodynamic agriculture, combining nutrient enrichment and microbial stimulation to improve soil quality and potentially enhance crop yield and quality. These findings provide valuable insights into the functional and ecological roles of biodynamic preparations in sustainable farming systems
Keywords
Soil microbial diversity, 16S rRNA sequencing, Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs).
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© The Author(s) 2026. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
