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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Biochemical evaluation of four morphotypes of Chrysanthellum americanum L. VATKE in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso
SIDIBE Hamadou, SAKANDE Boureima, Ilboudo Firmin Wend-Denda, SAMA Hemayoro and Mahamadou Sawadogo
Year : 2025 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 1-10
Received on: 13/12/2024
Revised on: 09/01/2025
Accepted on: 26/01/2025
Published on: 31/03/2025
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SIDIBE Hamadou, SAKANDE Boureima, Ilboudo Firmin Wend-Denda, SAMA Hemayoro and Mahamadou Sawadogo( 2025).
Biochemical evaluation of four morphotypes of Chrysanthellum americanum L. VATKE in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 2), 1-10.
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Abstract
Chrysanthellum americanum L. VATKE is a herbaceous plant widely used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of illnesses (kidney stones, anemia, malaria, etc.). Knowledge of the growth potential, vegetative development and phytochemical potential of a number of Chrysanthellum americanum L. VATKE morphotypes could help to enhance the value of the species. It is in this context that this study was initiated, with a view to gaining knowledge of the agro-morphological and biochemical characteristics of Chrysanthellum americanum L. VATKE. The study was carried out at the experimental station of the Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Saria (INERA/Saria.Four morphotypes (MT1, MT2, MT3 and MT4) from a mixture of Chrysanthellem americanum seed collected from Bobo, Nandiala and Tema were grown in a Fisher design with three replications. A total of 27 agro-morphological parameters, including 8 qualitative and 19 quantitative, were observed and measured. Morphotypes showed variation in achene color and stem habit.Significant differences between morphotypes were observed for parameters related to growth, plant phenological cycle and yield. The MT3 morphotype was the best performing, with greater plant spread (22.34±1.02 cm), longer (10.78±0.57 cm) and wider leaves (6.28±0.21 cm), a high number of secondary branches (10.78±0.52), and higher yields of achenes (1.44±0.12 t/ha) and fresh tops (10.08±0.31 t/ha). Morphotype MT4 achieved the highest thousand achene weight (0.70 g), and morphotypes MT1 and MT4 recorded the highest fertile achene/flower frequencies (73%). For cycle length, morphotypes MT1 and MT2 were early with 71.33±2.40 JAS and 69.00±2.52 JAS. Respectively 9 biochemical parameters, 5 qualitative and 4 quantitative, were evaluated. All morphotypes showed the presence of saponosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, steroids and triterpenes, but no alkaloids. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between morphotypes for parameters related to phenolic compound content and antioxidant activities. Morphotype MT3 had the highest polyphenol content (110.66±1.97 mg EAG/g), flavonoid content (12.23±0.13 µg EQ/g) and iron reducing capacity (79±0.96 µmol/g). On the other hand, the MT2 morphotype performed best in DPPH antiradical activity, with 92.27±0.86% inhibition.
Keywords
Chrysanthellum americanum, Morphotypes, Biochemical parameters.
